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Collagen is the main structural protein in human connective tissues, most notably our skin. The vast majority of the collagen in our skin is found in the dermis the second layer of skin that sits beneath the epidermis), where it's also produced. Skin cells in the dermis (fibroblasts) synthesize the collagen that holds the rest of the dermis together, giving our skin its underlying structure.
As for the structure of collagen itself, it’s kind of like a braid or rope: Individual amino acids link up to form long chains, which bundle together to form thicker strands. Those strands then twist and coil around each other to form triple helices. Finally, those helices connect end to end and stack on top of each other to form clusters called fibrils. In other words, collagen is a pretty complex and massive molecule.
That’s why creams formulated with pure collagen simply can’t live up to their lofty claims— those huge braided molecules are just too big to penetrate your epidermis, and definitely too big to get down into the dermis where the real magic happens. So even though collagen creams feel nice and may help moisturize the skin, that’s about it in terms of benefits.
People may refer to their skin tone as uneven if they have patches or blotches of hyperpigmentation (darker or lighter patches) or redness across their face. This might include red streaks across the forehead, the tip of the nose and cheeks. It could also refer to age spots or sunspots, acne scars, or patches of dull and lifeless looking skin from aging or UV damage. Overly dry skin can cause damage to the follicles and production of collagen and sebum, which can cause the skin to appear duller or ashy.
To brighten the skin and provide a more even skin tone, it’s best to moisturize daily and wear sunscreen. Additionally, antioxidants protect the skin from free radicals that damage cells and speed up aging, which can cause dark spots and make acne scarring worse. Ingredients and nutrients like vitamin C, rumex, arbutin, rosehip oil, jojoba oil, retinol/vitamin A, coenzyme Q10, alpha-hydroxy acid and salicylic acid are all beneficial for evening out the complexion.
Since sun damage is the leading cause for uneven skin tone, it is important to wear sunscreen daily in combination with brightening ingredients.
collagen may be effective for uneven skin tone, but there are many other factors that may affect whether this ingredient would work on your skin or if there are better ingredients that may work for you. Take this skin quiz to find the best ingredients for your skin and build your skincare routine.
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